#!/usr/bin/env bellos
# File: string_manipulation.bellos

# Demonstrating string manipulation

# String concatenation
first_name=John
last_name=Doe
full_name="$first_name $last_name"
echo Full name: $full_name

# String length
string="Hello, World!"
echo The string '$string' has ${#string} characters.

# Substring extraction
echo The first 5 characters are: ${string:0:5}

# String replacement
sentence="The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"
echo Original sentence: $sentence
new_sentence=${sentence/fox/cat}
echo Modified sentence: $new_sentence

# Converting to uppercase and lowercase
echo Uppercase: ${string^^}
echo Lowercase: ${string,,}

# Trimming whitespace
padded_string="   trim me   "
echo Original string: '$padded_string'
trimmed_string="${padded_string#"${padded_string%%[![:space:]]*}"}"  # Trim leading whitespace
trimmed_string="${trimmed_string%"${trimmed_string##*[![:space:]]}"}"  # Trim trailing whitespace
echo Trimmed string: '$trimmed_string'

# Completion message
echo String manipulation operations completed.